Which art techniques were invented during the Renaissance?

The techniques of foreshortening, linear perspective, and sfumato were indeed developed during the Renaissance, a period marked by a renewed interest in the arts, science, and the human experience.

Foreshortening is a technique used to create the illusion of an object receding strongly into the background. It allows for a more realistic portrayal of figures and objects in space, influencing how we perceive three-dimensionality in two-dimensional art.

Linear perspective is another groundbreaking technique from the Renaissance, which uses a mathematical system to create the illusion of depth on a flat surface. This approach involved a vanishing point and horizon line, allowing artists to create spatial relationships that mimic real-life views.

Sfumato is a painting technique that involves the delicate blending of colors and tones, resulting in soft transitions between light and shadow. This technique helped convey a sense of depth and realism, enhancing the lifelike quality of portraits and other subjects.

Together, these techniques exemplify the Renaissance's focus on realism, human emotion, and the natural world, illustrating how artists sought to elevate their craft and engage viewers in new ways.