What does the term 'fresco' refer to in painting?

The term 'fresco' specifically refers to a technique where pigments are applied onto wet plaster. This method allows the paint to bond with the plaster as it dries, making it a durable and integral part of the wall surface. The resulting artwork is often characterized by its vibrant colors and longevity, as the paint becomes part of the wall itself rather than simply sitting on top.

In contrast, other options describe different techniques or mediums that do not involve the same process. For instance, painting on canvas with oil is a distinct technique that relies on a different surface and medium, while a style of mural painting emphasizes diversity in color and design rather than the specific application method. Furthermore, digital art involves the use of technology and software, which is completely separate from traditional painting techniques like fresco. Understanding fresco is essential for comprehending the historical methods of mural creation and the significance of such works in art history.