What does juxtaposition refer to in art?

Juxtaposition in art refers specifically to the placement of two or more elements close together to emphasize their differences or create a contrasting effect. This technique can highlight unique qualities of each element and provoke a reaction or a deeper understanding of the work. For example, by placing a dark figure against a light background, an artist can enhance the drama of the scene and create a striking visual impact. This method is often employed in various forms of art, including painting, photography, and sculpture, as it invites viewers to explore the relationship between the contrasting elements.

The other options, while they describe valid artistic concepts, do not capture the essence of juxtaposition. Blending different colors emphasizes harmony rather than contrast, layering materials refers to a textural technique, and creating depth is connected to perspective or spatial relationships in a composition. All these methods serve different artistic purposes and are distinct from the concept of juxtaposition as defined in this context.