What does 'en plein air' refer to in painting?

'En plein air' is a French term that translates to "in the open air" and specifically refers to the practice of painting outdoors. This approach allows artists to engage directly with their environment, capturing the natural light, colors, and atmosphere that are difficult to replicate in a studio setting. Working outside enables artists to observe changing conditions, such as the movement of light or weather variations, which can significantly influence the mood and characteristics of their artwork.

The emphasis on capturing these natural elements is integral to many artistic movements, particularly Impressionism, where artists sought to depict what they observed in real-time. In contrast, painting indoors, replicating famous artworks, or working solely with acrylics in a controlled environment do not align with the core concept of 'en plein air.' This practice fosters a direct connection between the artist and their subjects, enhancing the authenticity and spontaneity of the final piece.